ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Headache is the most common complaint of patients suffering from temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). Thus, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) examinations maybe necessary in patients with headache. Considering the high prevalence of bruxism and TMDs in patients with headache the effects of conservative TMD treatment on headache should be assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were questioned about headaches in the past three months. Those responding affirmatively to this question were examined for TMD and bruxism. After the examinations, 219 patients remained in the study and received self-management instructions. Patients were requested to modify oral habits except when eating or sleeping. The degree of pain (visual analogue scale), headache disability index (HDI), frequency of headaches (FH) per month and TMD intensity were evaluated. RESULTS: The median levels of pain, HDI, FH, and TMD intensity were 8, 44, 8, and 7, respectively, before modifying oral habits and decreased to 4, 24, 2, and 3, respectively, after intervention. These decreases were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Having patients maintain free space between the teeth and relax muscles can be an efficient method to treat headache and TMD, especially when repeated frequently.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bruxism , Eating , Headache , Methods , Muscles , Prevalence , Self Care , Temporomandibular Joint , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders , ToothABSTRACT
The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the blood donors has been poorly studied. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in blood products. A total of 250 blood products [112 fresh frozen plasma and 138 packed cells] in the Blood Transfusion Institute, Shiraz, Iran were tested for specific T. gondii antibodies [IgG and IgM] by ELISA method in 2013. Positive IgG anti-T. gondii samples were further tested for IgM anti-T. gondii antibody. A positive IgG test with the negative and positive IgM test was interpreted as a chronic and acute toxoplasmosis respectively. The relationship of jobs, blood types, sex, marital status and residency of participants with chronic toxoplasmosis prevalence were statistically analyzed by x[2]- Of 250 samples, 58 [23.2%] and one were positive for IgG anti-T. T. gondii [chronic] and IgM anti-T. T. gondii [acute] antibodies levels respectively. Twenty nine [25.9%] of fresh frozen plasma [FFP] samples were positive for IgG anti-T. gondiii and 1[0.89%] of them was positive for IgM anti-T. gondiii antibody. Thirty [21.74%] of packed cell samples were positive for IgG anti-T. gondii antibody. The prevalence of chronic toxoplasmosis was significantly higher in workers, farmers, house wives, unemployed and free jobs [P=0.007] people with low education levels [P=0.035] and B type of blood ABO system [P=0.0001]. How- ever, there were no significant differences regarding to age, sex, marital status, residency and type of blood products There were chronic and acute toxoplasmosis in blood products and the prevalence of toxoplasmosis especially chronic form was high. Therefore screening of blood for T gondii antibodies may be considered
ABSTRACT
Pulmonary embolism is a prevalent and fatal pulmonary disease. In this study, the relationships between serum highly sensitive [hs] troponin T levels and findings of ECG, colour doppler sonography of lower extremity veins venous [CDS LEV] and also arterial blood gas [ABG] in normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism were investigated. A cross sectional study was carried out on 33 patients with acute pulmonary embolism who were hospitalized in Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences between 2009 and 2010 [mean age, 49.3; 18 male and 15 female]. [18 patients had with a normal hs-troponin T, lower than 14 pg/ml, and 15 patients had with elevated hs-troponin T.]with acute pulmonary embolism [mean age, 49.3; 18 male and 15 female] who were hospitalized in Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences between 2009 and 2010 Serum hs-troponin T level was measured by ELISA highly sensitive method. The prevalence of T invert and S1Q3T3 patterns and also thrombosis in lower extremity deep venous were significantly higher in patients with elevated hs-troponin T. In addition, PCO2 and HCO3- levels were significantly lower in patients with elevated hs-troponin T levels. According to the results of the study, it seems that the elevated hs-troponin T accompanies with ECG and ABG findings and also with thrombosis in lower extremity deep venous prevalence in patients with acute pulmonary embolism